To wrap up this special year, let’s take a look back at the best chess moments of 2024—an exciting journey through incredible achievements, brilliant games, unforgettable tournaments, and the rollercoaster of emotions that players and fans alike experienced.

After much thought, I’ve compiled my top 10 chess events of the year, ranked from 10th to the 1st and most incredible moment. Plus, there’s a special New Year’s message waiting for you at the end. I hope you enjoy it!

P.S. This blog (as of December 30th) isn’t entirely complete since the World Blitz Championship is still ongoing and concludes on the morning of January 1st (NZ time zone). The results will be updated as soon as they’re available.

The Youngest IM in History

• Faustino Oro
• Abhimanyu Mishra
• Praggnanandhaa R
• Yagiz Kaan Erdogmus
• Javokhir Sindarov
• Bharath Subramaniyam
• Gukesh D
• Sergey Karjakin
• Nodirbek Abdusattorov
• Andy Woodward
  
  

The list begins with the incredible achievement of Argentine prodigy Faustino Oro, who became the youngest International Master (IM) in history on June 30 at just 10 years, 8 months, and 16 days. He broke the previous record held by Indian-American Abhimanyu Mishra by approximately 17 day

Faustino accomplished this remarkable feat at a tournament organized by the Club de Ajedrez Barcelona, finishing second with a score of 6.5/9, ahead of a GM and another IM. While the event was designed to give him a shot at the title, his opponents were no pushovers, and he had to rise to the challenge under immense pressure. Currently, his rating stands at an impressive 2433—the highest of his young and promising career.

By 2023, Faustino had already earned the title of the youngest FM in history and is now in the “race” to become the youngest Grandmaster, a record still held by Abhimanyu Mishra. Achieving the required ELO of 2500 seems within reach, as he is only 67 points away. However, he still needs to secure three GM norms (performance ratings above 2600 in international tournaments), and as of now, he hasn’t achieved anything

Whether he manages to break the record remains to be seen next year. For now, we can celebrate this remarkable milestone. Perhaps 2024 marks the rise of one of the greatest players of all time. No pressure, Faustino—take it one step at a time.

131st New Zealand Chess Congres

“Vanessa, who really cares about the New Zealand Chess Championship?” Well, maybe not everyone, but as a Kiwi chess player, it holds a special place in my heart. And since this is my blog, I’ve decided to include it here. If you’re not a fan, that’s fine—your opinion is noted and cheerfully dismissed. Let me enjoy this moment.

Jokes aside, the New Zealand Chess Congress, our national championship, is the country’s most prestigious chess event, drawing many of our top players to this remote island in the Pacific.

The 131st edition took place from January 2nd to 12th in Palmerston North. With 50 participants in the main tournament, FM Nicolas Croad emerged victorious for the third time in his career, scoring 7.5/9. The podium was rounded out by IM Tom Middelburg in 2nd place and FM Ben Hague in 3rd

Best Game of the Year

Selecting the best game from so many incredible ones is never easy, but I’ve chosen my personal favorite among those I had the pleasure of watching. My pick is the game from May 16th between Vladimir Fedoseev (representing Slovenia) and Saleh Salem of the UAE, played in round 3 of the Sharjah Masters tournament.

While Stockfish’s precision rating wasn’t as high as other games from 2024, this match was a thrilling battle, culminating in a jaw-dropping queen and rook sacrifice by Black. You can find the full game below, analyzed by Brazilian GM Rafael Leitão.

That said, brilliance isn’t the only measure of greatness. Several other games deserve recognition for their impact on the chess world. My honorable mentions go to:

• Gukesh vs. Firouzja (1-0) – Candidates Tournament. Gukesh’s best game, securing him a 0.5-point lead over his rivals.
• Caruana vs. Nepomniachtchi (0.5-0.5) – Candidates Tournament. A game analyzed in detail later in this blog.
• Ding Liren vs. Gukesh (0-1) – World Chess Championship. Another highlight covered later in this post.

If you think I’ve overlooked a deserving game, let me know in the comments! After all, it’s impossible to watch every single chess match in a year.

A New Member of the 2800 Club

Claiming the 7th spot on this list is 21-year-old GM Arjun Erigaisi, who made history on October 25 by becoming the 15th player ever to surpass the 2800 Elo mark in standard chess. Notably, he is only the second Indian to achieve this milestone, following the legendary Viswanathan Anand.

Arjun is also the third-youngest player to reach this elite milestone, behind French GM Alireza Firouzja, who broke 2800 at 18 in 2021, and Magnus Carlsen, who achieved it at 18 in 2009. What makes Arjun’s accomplishment even more remarkable is that he reached this rating primarily by competing in open tournaments against players outside the elite chess circle.

“But doesn’t playing against weaker opponents make it easier?” you might wonder. Surprisingly, the answer is no, and here’s why:

1. Players rated in the 2500–2600 range are still Grandmasters with deep chess knowledge, making them tough to defeat, especially with Black.
2. The larger the Elo gap between Arjun and his opponents, the fewer points he gains for a win and the more he risks losing for a draw or defeat.

This is why most top players with ratings above 2750 prefer closed tournaments with similarly rated opponents, minimizing drastic rating fluctuations. Arjun’s path to 2800 was both unique and challenging, solidifying his place among the chess elite.

Major Tournaments of 2024

While this isn’t a single moment, it’s worth dedicating a section to highlight the results of some of the year’s most significant tournaments (excluding a few major ones that will be spotlighted later). As I’ve mentioned in my blog “Major Chess Tournaments And Their Sporting Twins”, the Tata Steel Masters remains one of the most prestigious annual chess events, traditionally held in January.

The 2024 edition saw Wei Yi from China emerge victorious after defeating Gukesh in the tiebreak finals. In the Challengers section, Indian prodigy Leon Luke Mendonça claimed the top spot, earning his place in the 2025 Masters.

Other noteworthy tournaments included the Sinquefield Cup, won by Alireza Firouzja, and the US Championship, where Fabiano Caruana claimed his third consecutive title. Norway Chess concluded with Magnus Carlsen triumphing on home soil.

These events, among others, contributed points to the FIDE Circuit 2024, with the ultimate winner earning a coveted spot in the 2026 Candidates Tournament. At the time of writing, Fabiano Caruana leads the standings, though Arjun Erigaisi remains in contention.

In late December, Magnus Carlsen also clinched the Champion Chess Tour Finals in Oslo. While not among the year’s top-tier events, it’s a fan favorite due to its exciting hybrid format, combining online tournaments with over-the-board finals and its live Chess.com coverage.

Update (December 31st): Fabiano Caruana has officially won the FIDE Circuit 2024!

World Rapid & Blitz Championship 2024

On December 26, the final major chess event of the year kicked off: the World Rapid & Blitz Championship. Featuring nearly all the top players, including 2023 champion Magnus Carlsen and streaming sensation Hikaru Nakamura, this tournament has become a highly anticipated year-end tradition, taking place between Christmas and New Year. This year, the event is hosted in New York, USA.

Although it doesn’t hold the same weight as the classical World Championship, the Rapid & Blitz Championship is a prestigious annual competition that captivates players, media, and fans alike. Its open format adds to the excitement, as each year brings a new champion and renewed hope for all participants.

The Rapid Championship concluded yesterday with a surprising victory by 18-year-old Russian GM Volodar Murzin, who scored 10/13. This marks a remarkable comeback in his career, years after the memorable moment of him shedding tears at the 2019 World Blitz Championship. On the women’s side, Indian veteran Koneru Humpy clinched the title.

However, one of the tournament’s biggest talking points was Magnus Carlsen’s withdrawal due to a controversy over his jeans violating the dress code.

The Blitz Championship is still ongoing as this blog is being published. Updates on the winners and their past titles will follow as soon as the information is available:

• Open – Winners: Magnus Carlsen (8th title) and Ian Nepomniachtchi (1st title).
• Women – Winner: Ju Wenjun (1st title).

Chess Olympiad 2024

September brought us one of the most celebrated events in the chess world: the FIDE Chess Olympiad! The 45th edition of this iconic tournament was hosted in Budapest, Hungary, with an impressive turnout of 197 nations competing in the open section and 181 in the women’s section. Many of the world’s top players proudly donned their national colors to battle it out for glory.

The Winners? No surprises here! India dominated both categories, signaling the rise of a new chess powerhouse. In the open section, India’s “Dream Team”—comprised of Dommaraju Gukesh, Rameshbabu Praggnanandhaa, Arjun Erigaisi, Vidit Santosh Gujrathi, and Pentala Harikrishna—went undefeated, securing 10 wins and 1 draw.

The women’s team was equally formidable, featuring Harika Dronavalli, Rameshbabu Vaishali, Deshmukh Divya, Agrawal Vantika, and Tania Sachdev. They delivered an exceptional performance with 9 wins, 1 draw, and just 1 loss. Impressively, Indian legends Viswanathan Anand and Koneru Humpy weren’t even required for this remarkable victory, further highlighting the nation’s depth in talent.

India’s clean sweep at the Chess Olympiad may very well mark the dawn of a new golden era in the chess world!

Candidates Tournament 2024

From April 3rd to April 22nd, chess fans were treated to the most intense and anticipated event of the year—the Candidates Tournament. This double round-robin event featured eight of the world’s strongest players battling for the right to challenge the reigning World Chess Champion. For those curious about my predictions before the event, feel free to check out my earlier blog post.

As expected, the tournament delivered a thrilling spectacle filled with dramatic moments. Heading into the final round, 17-year-old Indian sensation Gukesh led the standings with 8.5 points after a stunning victory against Alireza Firouzja in Round 13—arguably his best game of the tournament. Just half a point behind him were Fabiano Caruana, Hikaru Nakamura, and Ian Nepomniachtchi.

In the decisive 14th round, Gukesh and Nakamura drew their game, leaving the outcome dependent on the match between Caruana and Nepomniachtchi. Despite gaining a winning position, Caruana couldn’t convert, and the game ended in a draw, leaving both players dejected and crowning Gukesh as the winner. Relive the action with an analysis by Brazilian GM Rafael Leitão:

In the women’s Candidates Tournament, held simultaneously at the same venue, the competition, while less dramatic, showcased incredible skill. Tan Zhongyi of China emerged victorious, securing her spot to challenge Ju Wenjun for the Women’s World Championship title next year. The dates for their showdown are yet to be announced.

World Chess Championship 2024

In November, Gukesh faced off against reigning champion Ding Liren in the World Chess Championship match held in Singapore. Despite Ding’s efforts to defend his title while not being in top form, the Chinese Grandmaster proved to be a formidable opponent for the young Indian challenger, who entered the match as the favorite due to his stellar recent performances.

The match began with an unexpected twist as Ding won the first game, delivering an early shock to Gukesh. Undeterred, the Indian prodigy bounced back with a victory in Game 3, leveling the score. The turning point seemed to come in Game 11 when Gukesh secured another win, putting him within striking distance of the title. Yet, the “Chinese Dragon” roared back, claiming Game 12 to tie the match once more.

The championship ultimately came down to Game 14, played on December 12, the final classical game of the match. Both players entered a theoretically drawn endgame, with Black holding a slight material advantage but no clear path to break through White’s defenses. Then came a moment destined for history books—a devastating blunder by Ding, marking one of the most shocking mistakes in World Chess Championship history.

Relive the drama of the final game, complete with analysis by none other than Brazilian GM Rafael Leitão:

With this emotional triumph that brought him to tears, Gukesh made history as the youngest-ever World Chess Champion at just 18 years old, igniting a wave of celebration among fans in India and across the globe. True to his word, he marked the occasion by going bungee jumping—a promise he kept just days after his victory.

The Former Coach of Gukesh and Madras School of Chess Co-founder, GM Vishnu Prasanna, Shares His Thoughts on Gukesh.

“As someone who has known Gukesh since his childhood, I can only describe this moment as surreal. Watching him grow from a curious, determined young boy to becoming the youngest World Champion is a testament to his relentless spirit and unwavering focus.

Coaching him was a privilege, but seeing him soar beyond our dreams is a joy beyond words. Gukesh, your journey inspires millions, and I couldn’t be prouder of you. The world is yours now, and this is just the beginning.

Indian chess is in good hands, and the future. Shine on, Champ!

Conclusion

Thank you for staying with me through this blog and throughout the year! I hope you enjoyed this brief recap of 2024. While I couldn’t include every memorable moment, feel free to share any highlights I missed in the comments—I’d love to hear your thoughts.

This year has been incredible for chess enthusiasts, and 2025 promises to be just as exciting. We have the Women’s World Chess Championship between Ju Wenjun and Tan Zhongyi, the FIDE World Cup, the FIDE Grand Swiss, and many other thrilling events lined up to keep us captivated.

As we wrap up, I wish you all a Happy New Year filled with joy, love, peace, and happiness alongside your loved ones. May 2025 be everything you hope for, and remember to stay positive even when life throws challenges your way—it’s the tough times that make the good ones shine brighter.

Keep studying, playing, and discovering the magic of chess. Here’s to brilliant moves, spectacular combinations, and unforgettable victories! Above all, keep enjoying the game, because that’s what truly matters. See you in the next blog! Keep following along and enjoying our content!

𝐑𝐢𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐒𝐭𝐚𝐫𝐬 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐖𝐨𝐫𝐥𝐝 𝐨𝐟 𝐂𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐬

The game of chess continues to get younger as prodigious talents achieve the prestigious Grandmaster (GM) title at just 12, 13, and 14 years old. This rapid rise is fueled by access to extensive chess resources, consistent global tournaments, and government support. However, one timeless truth remains unchanged: hard work is the ultimate key to success in the game of chess.

𝐀𝐛𝐡𝐢𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐲𝐮 𝐌𝐢𝐬𝐡𝐫𝐚
Abhimanyu Mishra etched his name in history by becoming the youngest International Master in 2019 at the age of 10. By 2021, he began his journey to secure GM norms. On June 30, 2021, at the Vezerkepzo GM Mix Swiss tournament in Budapest, Hungary, Mishra achieved his third and final norm, officially becoming the youngest Grandmaster ever. He shattered Sergey Karjakin’s long-standing record—set 19 years earlier—by over two months.

Here’s a clean victory for Mishra over GM Zoltan Varga from the 5th Vezerkepzo GM tournament in 2021.

𝐒𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐞𝐲 𝐊𝐚𝐫𝐣𝐚𝐤𝐢𝐧
For 19 years, GM Sergey Karjakin held the record as the youngest Grandmaster in chess history, achieving the title at just 12 years and 7 months. Karjakin, like many chess prodigies, began playing the game at the age of five. Remarkably, by the age of 11, he had already earned the International Master title.

Karjakin’s achievements include winning the World Rapid Championship in 2012 and the World Blitz Championship in 2016. In March 2016, he emerged victorious in the Candidates Tournament, earning the right to challenge Magnus Carlsen for the World Chess Championship later that year. Although Karjakin fell short against Carlsen in their November 2016 match, he remains determined to pursue another shot at the title.

One of Karjakin’s most impressive games came during the 2016 Candidates Tournament, where he played an intense, dynamic game against Fabiano Caruana. This thrilling, back-and-forth encounter showcased Karjakin’s signature fighting style and remains a highlight of his career.

𝐆𝐮𝐤𝐞𝐬𝐡 𝐃𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐚𝐫𝐚𝐣𝐮
Indian chess prodigy GM Gukesh Dommaraju, commonly known as Gukesh D., became the second-youngest Grandmaster in chess history at the age of 12 years, 7 months, and 17 days. He secured his third and final GM norm at the 17th Delhi International Chess Grandmaster Open held in New Delhi, India.

Gukesh’s exceptional talent was first recognized by his school coach, Mr. Bhaskar, who ensured that Gukesh became a FIDE-rated player within just six months of learning the game. Gukesh played his final game as an International Master in style, winning the decisive match to achieve his last GM norm and officially earn the prestigious title.

Gukesh played his last game as an International Master, winning this game to earn his final grandmaster norm.

𝐉𝐚𝐯𝐨𝐤𝐡𝐢𝐫 𝐒𝐢𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐨𝐯
GM Javokhir Sindarov became the first player since Sergey Karjakin to achieve the Grandmaster title before turning 13. The Uzbek talent secured all three of his GM norms in a single year, at the 2018 Alekhine Memorial, the FIDE World Junior Championship, and the First Saturday Tournament. Sindarov earned his final GM norm at the First Saturday Tournament in Budapest, Hungary. After a setback in the first round, he bounced back impressively, scoring 7 out of 8 points in his remaining games to claim the title.

Sindarov achieved his final grandmaster norm at the First Saturday Tournament in Budapest, Hungary, bouncing back from a first-round loss with an impressive 7/8 streak in his remaining games.

𝐏𝐫𝐚𝐠𝐠𝐧𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐡𝐚𝐚 𝐑𝐚𝐦𝐞𝐬𝐡𝐛𝐚𝐛𝐮
Indian chess prodigy GM Praggnanandhaa Rameshbabu became the second youngest Grandmaster in chess history at the age of 12 years, 10 months, and 13 days. He achieved his third and final GM norm at the Fourth Gredine Open in Ortisei, Italy.

Praggnanandhaa had already made a name for himself by winning continental (Asian) championships and two world titles. At just 10 years old, he set another record as the youngest International Master in history, a record that still stands. At the Gredine Open, Praggnanandhaa delivered a remarkable performance, securing his final GM norm and sealing the tournament by defeating GM Roeland Pruijssers in the decisive game.

After earning his final GM norm at the Gredine Open, the Indian prodigy delivered a record-breaking performance by defeating GM Roeland Pruijssers.

𝐍𝐨𝐝𝐢𝐫𝐛𝐞𝐤 𝐀𝐛𝐝𝐮𝐬𝐚𝐭𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐨𝐯
GM Nodirbek Abdusattorov first made headlines in 2014 when, at just nine years old, he defeated two grandmasters at the Tashkent Open. He achieved his first GM norm at the 2016 Chigorin Memorial, followed by his second norm in Abu Dhabi in August 2017. Widely regarded as the greatest Uzbek chess talent since Rustam Kasimdzhanov—who won the 2004 FIDE Knockout World Championship—Abdusattorov earned his final GM norm at the Chigorin Memorial, where he defeated notable grandmasters S.P. Sethuraman and Evgeny Levin.

Abdusattorov secured his final grandmaster norm at the Chigorin Memorial, achieving impressive victories against GMs S. P. Sethuraman and Evgeny Levin.

𝐏𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐦𝐚𝐫𝐣𝐚𝐧 𝐍𝐞𝐠𝐢
Now pursuing a PhD at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), GM Parimarjan Negi became a grandmaster in 2006 at just 13 years old. Since earning the title, he has achieved notable successes, including winning the prestigious Arjuna Award in 2010, claiming victories at the Indian and Asian Chess Championships, and contributing to India’s bronze-medal-winning performance at the 2014 Chess Olympiad. A highlight of Negi’s career is his win against GM Markus Ragger, where his consistent pressure demonstrated how to expertly dismantle the Caro-Kann Defense.

Negi’s victory against GM Ragger was a brilliant showcase of how to dismantle the Caro-Kann, with White maintaining relentless pressure throughout the game.

𝐌𝐚𝐠𝐧𝐮𝐬 𝐂𝐚𝐫𝐥𝐬𝐞𝐧
Nicknamed the “Mozart of Chess,” GM Magnus Carlsen stands in a class of his own. His peak rating of 2882 surpassed Garry Kasparov’s record of 2851, a testament to his unparalleled talent and work ethic. Known for his determination, Carlsen routinely outplays opponents by finding computer-like moves and grinding down seemingly equal endgames. While he is famous for these technical victories, one of his most iconic moments came at age 13, when he drew against Garry Kasparov in a legendary encounter.

Although Carlsen is renowned for securing wins in closely matched endgames, his most famous game might be the draw he achieved against Garry Kasparov at just 13 years old.

𝐖𝐞𝐢 𝐘𝐢
GM Wei Yi has shattered numerous records throughout his career. He became the second youngest player in history to surpass the 2600 rating mark, trailing only John M. Burke. Wei’s rapid progress is remarkable, having earned both the International Master and Grandmaster titles in the same year. At the time, he was the world’s youngest GM, achieving the title at just 13 years, 8 months, and 23 days.

This game is arguably Wei Yi’s most iconic victory, showcasing his signature attacking style against GM Lazaro Bruzon during the 2015 Danzhou Tournament.

𝐀𝐧𝐝𝐲 𝐖𝐨𝐨𝐝𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐝
GM-elect Andy Woodward is set to become the 10th-youngest Grandmaster in history and the youngest in the world once confirmed by FIDE at their upcoming conference.

𝐑𝐚𝐮𝐧𝐚𝐤 𝐒𝐚𝐝𝐡𝐰𝐚𝐧𝐢
GM Raunak Sadhwani is currently India’s fourth-youngest Grandmaster. He achieved his third and final GM norm at the FIDE Chess.com Grand Swiss in October 2019, held in the Isle of Man. Competing against a strong field, Sadhwani finished with a 50% score, facing elite grandmasters such as Sergey Karjakin, Sanan Sjugirov, Surya Ganguly, Pavel Eljanov, Peter Leko, Gabriel Sargissian, Markus Ragger, Alexander Motylev, Bassem Amin, and Maksim Chigaev.

Here’s how he defeated former European Champion Alexander Motylev:

𝐁𝐮 𝐗𝐢𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐳𝐡𝐢
GM Bu Xiangzhi earned his Grandmaster title in 1999, becoming the youngest GM in chess history at the time—a record later surpassed by Sergey Karjakin in 2002. Bu claimed the Chinese Chess Championship in 2004 and has represented China in four Chess Olympiads, including the 2018 event where China won gold. A recognized talent on the global stage, Bu made headlines in 2017 when he eliminated Magnus Carlsen from the World Cup and later defeated the world champion again in the World Rapid Championship that same year.

In 2017, Bu Xiangzhi gained widespread attention by eliminating Magnus Carlsen in the World Cup and defeating the world champion once again at the World Rapid Championship later that year.

𝐓𝐨𝐩 𝟔 𝐘𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐠𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐅𝐞𝐦𝐚𝐥𝐞 𝐂𝐡𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐦𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐬
Only six female players have achieved the Grandmaster title before the age of 20.

𝐇𝐨𝐮 𝐘𝐢𝐟𝐚𝐧
Four-time Women’s World Chess Champion GM Hou Yifan holds the record for the fastest any female player has earned the GM title, achieving it at just 14 years and 5 months. The Chinese Grandmaster is also the third woman to break into the top 100 live rating list, following GMs Maia Chiburdanidze and Judit Polgar.

Hou has competed in numerous elite invitational events, including the Tata Steel Chess tournament, where she triumphed over GM Anish Giri with the Black pieces.

𝐇𝐮𝐦𝐩𝐲 𝐊𝐨𝐧𝐞𝐫𝐮
GM Humpy Koneru became a Grandmaster in 2002, breaking the record at the time as the fastest woman to achieve the title, at just 15 years and 1 month. In 2011, she was the challenger for the Women’s World Championship title, where she narrowly lost to Hou Yifan. Over 15 years later, the Indian Grandmaster remains one of the world’s strongest female players.

One of Koneru’s finest victories was against Peruvian Grandmaster Julio Granda Zuniga, ending in a position fit for a Puzzle Rush tactic!

𝐉𝐮𝐝𝐢𝐭 𝐏𝐨𝐥𝐠𝐚𝐫
Widely regarded as the greatest female chess player of all time, GM Judit Polgar is the only woman to ever cross the 2700 rating mark. Though now retired, Polgar’s career was marked by victories over legendary players such as Magnus Carlsen, Garry Kasparov, Anatoly Karpov, Vladimir Kramnik, and many others.

Judit Polgar’s victory over Garry Kasparov in 2002 stands as the most iconic game of her career.

𝐊𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐲𝐧𝐚 𝐋𝐚𝐠𝐧𝐨
Currently ranked among the top female chess players in the world, GM Kateryna Lagno has consistently demonstrated her dominance in women’s chess. She won the European Women’s Championship in both 2005 and 2008 and was a finalist in the 2018 Women’s World Championship, where she faced GM Ju Wenjun.

Here’s a dominant victory by Lagno against former Women’s World Champion Alexandra Kosteniuk.

𝐀𝐥𝐞𝐤𝐬𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐫𝐚 𝐆𝐨𝐫𝐲𝐚𝐜𝐡𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐚
GM Aleksandra Goryachkina has rapidly risen to prominence in the chess world. By the age of 20, the Russian Grandmaster had already secured a spot in the top 10 women’s rankings. She won the prestigious Russian Women’s Championship Superfinal in both 2015 and 2017, showcasing her consistency and strength.

Though not her most challenging opponent, Goryachkina demonstrated her formidable skills in this impressive game against the Stonewall Dutch.

𝐋𝐞𝐢 𝐓𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐣𝐢𝐞
GM Lei Tingjie is one of China’s top female chess players and has played a key role in several team victories for her country. She contributed to China’s gold medal successes in major events, including the Asian Nations Cup (2016), the Batumi Olympiad (2018), and the World Team Championship (2019).

Lei delivered a flawless positional masterclass with Black in this game from the 2017 World Rapid Championships, showcasing brilliance from start to finish!

Where Can Educators Find Research on the Educational Value of Chess?

Many educators seek reliable studies on how chess benefits learning. This article compiles key research on chess education, thanks to contributions from Dr. Robert Ferguson, who has conducted several studies himself.

Highlights:

•A 2019 Alabama study found chess boosts test scores and school engagement, especially in younger grades, with teachers also reporting increased job enthusiasm.

•Research from New Mexico revealed chess education improves math and reading scores, with math scores jumping 7%, and an incredible 28% boost when students competed in tournaments.
For a collection of recent chess studies, check out this compilation from the Chess Club and Scholastic Center of Saint Louis, as well as another from the U.S. Chess Federation. One study revealed that gifted students (with an IQ above 130) who participated in chess outperformed those who engaged in alternative activities, such as computer learning, during the same period. It’s important to note that there was no formal “control” group; the non-chess participants simply engaged in different activities.

For a collection of recent chess studies, check out this compilation from the Chess Club and Scholastic Center of Saint Louis, as well as another from the U.S. Chess Federation. One study revealed that gifted students (with an IQ above 130) who participated in chess outperformed those who engaged in alternative activities, such as computer learning, during the same period. It’s important to note that there was no formal “control” group; the non-chess participants simply engaged in different activities.

This study was unique in that chess was taught or played daily throughout an entire school year, starting with students who had no prior knowledge of the game. It also involved a broader range of children, with an average IQ just above 100. The results highlighted the differences in progress between girls and boys. The two benchmarks used for assessment were the “Test of Cognitive Skills” (measuring memory) and the “California Achievement Test” (measuring verbal reasoning). By the end of the school year, the chess group showed significant improvements in memory percentiles, while also achieving modest gains in verbal reasoning.

Another study, with a larger control group of four schools, focused on the effects of afterschool chess clubs and spanned multiple years. This study also analyzed gains across different educational groups, such as gifted and talented, and special education students. Using scores from the Texas Assessment of Academic Skills, nearly all the chess groups showed greater progress compared to their non-chess peers, with especially notable improvements seen in both regular and special education students.

This study examined the impact of chess on reading scores (full disclosure: I taught at Chess-in-the-Schools in New York City from 2001-2004, the organization later known as the American Chess Foundation). The study was conducted over two years in the Bronx, where many of the instructors were professional chess teachers, some of whom were masters (including future GM Maurice Ashley, who contributed to the program). Participation in the chess program was voluntary.

In summary, out of the 22 students tracked, 15 showed an improvement in their reading percentile scores by the end of two years, while 7 saw a decline. In contrast, the larger control group had 491 students who improved and 627 who declined. For the chess group, reading scores began at the 58th percentile in 3rd grade and increased to the 63rd percentile by 5th grade.

The study offers several hypotheses on how chess might contribute to improved reading, including boosting general intelligence, concentration, self-esteem, and other potential factors.

Additional resources:
•A summary of current and past chess research studies in the United Kingdom.
•The Journal of Chess Research, which compiles studies on various aspects of chess and its use as an educational tool.

                                          

Source by: Journal Of Chess Research

With a fearless tactical style, Gukesh Dommaraju has carved his place in chess history. Dive into the influences that shaped his game and discover how you can adopt the maneuvers and mindset of the youngest challenger for the chess crown.

At just 18, Gukesh has achieved what many grandmasters can only dream of:

• Surpassing the 2750 Elo mark in 2022
• Clinching double gold and scoring 9/10 at the 2024 Chess Olympiad
• Winning the 2024 Candidates Tournament to become the youngest contender for the title

Imagine the family chatter and comparisons during dinner conversations! Thankfully, we get to simply enjoy watching Gukesh in action.

Now, he’s set to face World Chess Champion Ding Liren in the biggest showdown of 2024.

As the world eagerly awaits, let’s revisit the inspirations that defined Gukesh’s play. Who knows—you might pick up tactics to sharpen your own game!

Let’s dive in.

Guided by the Legend: Viswanathan Anand

“It all started with Vishy Anand,” Gukesh shared in an NDTV interview, reflecting on India’s rise in professional chess.

Anand, India’s first Grandmaster (1998), is a five-time World Chess Champion and a two-time World Cup winner. Widely regarded as India’s greatest chess player, he inspires millions whenever he competes.

But Anand’s influence goes beyond inspiration. Through the Westbridge Anand Chess Academy (WACA), he mentored Gukesh and other rising Indian stars.

From January 2021 to November 2022, the program brought together renowned coaches like Artur Yusupov (two-time World Championship candidate) and Boris Gelfand (2012 World Championship challenger), aiming to catapult Indian talent into the top 10.

“What I want to see from this is to make sure some of them will break into the top 10,” Anand stated.

And Gukesh did just that!

Starting at 2563 Elo, Gukesh gained an astonishing 162 points, climbing to 2725 Elo and world #23. By September 2023, he entered the top 10, reaching world #8 and eventually achieving his highest rank yet—world #5.

Anand’s guidance has truly shaped a new era for Indian chess.

Influenced by the Legendary Garry Kasparov

When Garry Kasparov retired in 2005, Gukesh wasn’t even born. Yet, the 13th World Chess Champion’s impact on the young prodigy is undeniable.

In Gukesh’s home library, you’ll find annotated collections of classical games, including Kasparov’s masterpieces. Over the board, their styles share striking similarities—both are fearless attackers with a knack for breathtaking combinations.

Kasparov ruled the chess world for over 20 years, renowned for his unparalleled ability to hunt kings and calculate deep, intricate variations. His unmatched mastery of knight play, showcased in the 1985 and 1990 World Chess Championships, remains iconic.

Gukesh seems to channel that same magic with his knights. ‘Active and aggressive’ perfectly describes their role in many of his games, where he often defies both commentators and engines with stunning precision.

In one such moment, White attempts to drive Gukesh’s knight back to f6. But our champion had other plans. Can you spot his winning idea?

Mastering Restriction Like Magnus Carlsen

When it comes to the art of restriction and prophylaxis, no one rivals the precision of 16th World Champion Magnus Carlsen.

In his iconic “most accurate game in World Chess Championship history,” Carlsen systematically dismantled Black’s active ideas, leaving victory as a mere formality.

Stylistically, Carlsen and Gukesh couldn’t be more different. Carlsen thrives in positions of iron control, while Gukesh excels in chaotic, tactical battles.

Yet, under the guidance of his coach, GM Vishnu Prasanna, Gukesh studied Carlsen’s games closely—focusing on how Magnus predicts and neutralizes his opponent’s plans. This insight transformed Gukesh into an even deadlier attacker.

With his opponent’s counterplay stifled, Gukesh could unleash his offense freely, pressing his advantage at the perfect moment.

One of his signature tools for restriction? The pin. In this example, a single pin immobilizes four (!) of Black’s pieces, forcing a losing move. Can you spot the masterstroke?

Conclusion

Over 325 years ago, Sir Isaac Newton famously remarked:

Gukesh Dommaraju’s rise to greatness mirrors this sentiment.

By absorbing the brilliance of Anand, the tactical mastery of Kasparov, and the positional dominance of Carlsen, Gukesh has crafted his own unique, high-pressure style that has captivated the chess world.

And the best part? You can learn to play like him.

Dive into Master Moves: Gukesh to explore 150 of his finest games and uncover the key elements that define his play.

From his dazzling knight maneuvers and relentless attacks to his queen-led assaults and signature pawn breaks—this guide dissects Gukesh’s gameplay so you can apply these strategies to your own.

Are you ready to embrace the “Guki-style” and take your game to the next level?

Can you crack this Halloween chess puzzle? 🎃
Hope you had a great Halloween! Here’s a tricky challenge for you: Figure out where the misplaced rook belongs. Is it on g1 or h1?

Only one of the two choices results in a legal chess position (one that could actually occur in a game).

Give it a shot!

Hint: Consider the last moves that might have been played.

So, what’s the connection to Halloween?

Solving this puzzle involves a clever parity argument, which leads us into the eerie world of chess composition: chess vampires.

A chess vampire is a legal position that has no legal mirror image. For more about how a position’s mirror image is defined and to explore these fascinating creatures, visit our first post on chess vampires.

The Vampire’s Castle

Last year, we stumbled upon vampires where en passant was possible. We even explored the woods and uncovered vampires with promoted pieces—rare creatures only found in the darkest hours before dawn. Yet, one mystery lingered.

Could the legend be real? Is there truly a castle of vampires? It’s rumored to lie hidden deep in the shadows, only emerging under the full moon’s glow. Stories of ghostly sightings have kept the legend alive for centuries. Some claim they’ve glimpsed its outline through the trees, while others believe it’s just a myth meant to ward off the curious. Despite many quests, no one had found it.

Today, reader, you have the chance to unveil it. The answer to the puzzle above reveals a castling vampire—a rare creature that survived a castling move. What a remarkable discovery!

Solution:

To solve this, let’s follow the hint and temporarily ignore the rook. We need to figure out the sequence of moves that led to the current puzzle position.

It’s Black’s turn, so White made the last move. While there seem to be several possible retractions for White, we need to determine what Black’s previous move was. If it was a7-a6, what came before that? We need a Black knight to reappear on the board so it can continue retracting.

Both of Black’s knights were captured on b3 and c3.

It would take 3 retractions from White to bring back a Black knight on b3. That’s too many… We also can’t retract dxc3 until the white bishop returns to c1. It seems we’ve hit a wall. But wait! We can gain an extra retraction by bringing a Black pawn back to h6 when retracting the bishop.

From this, we can deduce that the last 5 moves (plies) must have been as follows (still ignoring the rook):

Let’s wrap it up with our standard counting argument. Setting aside the rook for a moment, to arrive at the position just before the move dxc3:

White has made an odd number of moves (an even count of knight moves plus one pawn move, axb3).
Black has made an even number of moves (since squares b3 and c3 are of different colors).
However, in a position where it’s White’s turn to move, both players must have completed an equal number of moves. Thus, we need to adjust White’s move count, which is only possible by placing the rook on g1.

Final Thoughts

This composition answers the age-old question: can there be vampires in a game where castling has occurred? It’s incredible to discover that they do exist.

This revelation also affects how we classify these “vampires” into different “clans,” but that’s a story for another day.

We hope you found this post enjoyable! If you did, don’t forget to share it with your friends. Happy puzzling!

The Chennai Grand Masters continues to reign as India’s premier classical super tournament, boasting an impressive average rating of 2725 in the Masters section – a 14-point increase from its inaugural edition. The Challengers section follows closely with an average rating of 2594.

Masters Lineup:

• Arjun Erigaisi
• Levon Aronian (USA)
• Vidit Gujrathi
• Maxime Vachier-Lagrave (FRA)
• Parham Maghsoodloo (IRI)
• Aravindh Chithambaram
• M Amin Tabatabaei (IRI)
• Alexey Sarana (SRB)

Challengers Lineup:

• Raunak Sadhwani
• Abhimanyu Puranik
• Leon Luke Mendonca
• Karthikeyan Murali
• Pranav V
• Pranesh M
• Harika Dronavalli
• R Vaishali

Tournament Details:

• Sponsored by Tamil Nadu Government and Sports Development Authority of Tamil Nadu
• Total prize fund in Masters: ₹5,000,000 (≈US$ 60,000)
• Top three prizes: ₹1,500,000 (≈US$ 18,000), ₹1,000,000 (≈US$ 12,000), and ₹800,000 (≈US$ 9,600)
• Round 1 starts today at 3 p.m. IST

Challengers Section:

• Prize fund: ₹2,000,000
• Top three prizes: ₹600,000, ₹400,000, and ₹320,000
• Winner advances to Masters in the next edition

The Chennai Grand Masters 2024 is made possible thanks to the tireless efforts of key individuals, notably Atulya Mishra, Additional Chief Secretary of Tamil Nadu Government, and Meghanath Reddy, Member Secretary Sports Development Authority of Tamil Nadu. However, one person who has truly gone above and beyond is GM Srinath Narayanan.

Srinath’s parents always envisioned him becoming a world-class chess player, but he’s exceeded those expectations by creating multiple champions for India. As captain of India’s gold medal-winning team and trainer to the country’s top budding talents, Srinath has been instrumental in growing chess in India. Now, as organizer of the Chennai Grand Masters 2024, he’s brought the strongest classical tournament to Indian soil.

What’s truly inspiring about Srinath is his work ethic and humility. He lets his results speak for themselves, and his parents’ pride and happiness were palpable as they attended the opening ceremony. Srinath’s contributions to Indian chess are a testament to his dedication and passion.

Key Contributors to Chennai Grand Masters 2024:

• Atulya Mishra: Additional Chief Secretary of Tamil Nadu Government
• Meghanath Reddy: Member Secretary Sports Development Authority of Tamil Nadu
• GM Srinath Narayanan: Captain of India’s gold medal-winning team, trainer, and organizer of Chennai Grand Masters 2024

The Chennai Grand Masters 2024 promises to be an exciting event, featuring top players like Arjun Erigaisi, Levon Aronian, and Vidit Gujrathi. With Srinath at the helm, Indian chess is in good hands.

Magnus Carlsen isn’t just the 16th World Chess Champion—he’s claimed the crown in all three formats: classical, rapid, and blitz, a remarkable 17 times!

With a peak FIDE rating of 2882, the highest ever recorded, and an unmatched 125-game unbeaten streak at the elite level, Carlsen also played the most accurate game in World Chess Championship history.

The records keep stacking up! So, when Carlsen received the FIDE 100 Best Player Award, it felt like a perfect fit—though Carlsen himself seemed the least surprised!

“I am, of course, happy to get this award. But in my personal opinion, I still think Garry Kasparov has had a better career than I have… I still think he was more deserving,” Carlsen declared.

The 13th World Champion, Garry Kasparov, remains a top contender for the “greatest of all time” title.

If you’re new to chess, you might recognize him from popular chess vloggers’ videos—where even top players like Hikaru Nakamura and Fabiano Caruana couldn’t defeat a “retired, rusty” Kasparov on his best days.

For seasoned fans, reliving Kasparov’s prime is a trip down memory lane!

Regardless of where you stand, here are 5 reasons why Kasparov is still the GOAT for many, including Carlsen!

1. He Defended His Title 5 Times

As tennis legend Althea Gibson once said, “Winning it twice proves you are the best.” By that measure, Kasparov’s five successful title defenses stand unmatched.

Though Emanuel Lasker also defended his title five times, Lasker’s era was often influenced by sponsorships, with challengers based on financial backing rather than merit. In contrast, Kasparov faced opponents who emerged from rigorous tournament cycles, ensuring they were the toughest competition of the time.

Kasparov’s defenses included four grueling matches against Anatoly Karpov, a dominant win over Nigel Short in 1993, and a decisive victory against Vishy Anand, securing his legendary status.

2. The First-Ever 2800-Rated Grandmaster

The 2800-Elo mark is like an exclusive mansion where only the chess elite visit — and where Magnus Carlsen currently resides. But guess who built that mansion?

Kasparov was the first to shatter the 2800 barrier in January 1990 after dominating official tournaments, exhibition matches, and even TV appearances. He swept the Belgrade Investbank International with 8 wins and no losses, crushed the Tilburg Interpolis with 12 out of 14 points, and demolished a team of 6 French GMs and IMs in a simul. He even schooled David Letterman on live TV!

Though Kasparov briefly dipped below 2800 in 1992 and 1996, he quickly rebounded and never left the mansion again.

3. He Ruled Over Two Chess Eras

Kasparov burst onto the chess scene in 1979, entering an elite tournament in Yugoslavia as an unrated player and finishing 1st, two points clear of the field. He quickly rose through the ranks, winning the World Youth Championship, the USSR Chess Championship, and dominating the 1982 Bugojno Super-tournament, before claiming the World Championship title.

In the pre-computer era, players relied on intense manual analysis, keeping track of endless variations in handwritten notebooks. Kasparov thrived in this hardcore environment, outworking his opponents and discovering fresh ideas.

Then, in the 1990s, Kasparov adapted to the rise of computers, facing new-generation GMs and powerful engines. Far from fading, he sharpened his skills, staying at the top even as chess entered the machine age. His successor, Vladimir Kramnik, summed it up best:

Kasparov was built for both worlds.

4. He Pushed Boundaries Like No One Before

Most athletes, once at the top, shift to a defensive mindset—playing to avoid losing rather than playing to win. But Kasparov was different.

He relentlessly sought out new challenges, both in and outside of World Chess Championship matches. When super-GM tournaments weren’t enough, he took on entire national teams in clock simul games, dominating the Israeli and American teams.

In 1999, he faced over 50,000 players from 75 countries in an Internet consultation game and still emerged victorious. He also famously beat IBM’s Deep Blue supercomputer in their first match. Even after losing the rematch to a more powerful version, Kasparov continued to take on and challenge the strongest chess engines of the time.

5. He Kept Chess Alive on the World Stage Long Before the Boom

Before the 2020 chess boom, where streaming and online platforms made chess a global sensation, the game had few outlets for mass appeal. Social media, streaming, and platforms like Chess.com didn’t exist 20-30 years ago.

During this time, it was Kasparov who carried the mantle, representing chess on the world stage and attracting new fans. From appearing at Super Bowl XXXV to reenacting his Man vs. Machine triumph and giving countless interviews on the game’s value, Kasparov ensured chess stayed relevant and cool.

Wrapping Up

The GOAT debate in chess may never end, but Kasparov’s lasting influence on the game is undeniable. Whether you agree with Carlsen or not, we hope this journey through Kasparov’s legacy deepened your appreciation for chess legends and their timeless lessons.

For Fast Victories #100, I’m pulling material from a chapter of the new book I’m currently writing. While it’s similar in spirit to “50+2 Chess Quick Wins,” this book takes a different approach in terms of structure and organization. It focuses on what I believe to be the best opening attacks and traps, viewed through the lens of Romantic Chess rather than strict evaluation accuracy (though many of these classic lines are still highly precise). Additionally, I’ll share the fascinating stories of the players who used these strategies.

Today, we’ll explore one of the oldest and most elegant opening attacks from the Romantic Era of chess—the Légal Trap, also known as the Légal Mate or Légal Pseudo-Sacrifice. In this stunning tactic, two knights and a bishop work together to create a seemingly impossible checkmate.

The trap is named after François Antoine de Légal de Kermeur (1702-1792), a French chess master regarded as the best player in the world until 1755, when he was famously defeated by his pupil, Philidor. Both de Légal and Philidor dominated at the renowned Café de la Régence in Paris, a key chess hub during the 18th and 19th centuries. The rise of coffeehouses in Paris during this time also gave birth to the timeless tradition of playing chess while enjoying a good cup of coffee!

Before diving into what de Légal played in 1750, let’s first take a look at an instructive example from a later game: Chéron vs. Janloz (1929). This game, played by IM Andre Chéron (1895-1980), a three-time French chess champion (1926, ’27, and ’29), occurred during a simultaneous exhibition in Switzerland.

The Indicative Légal Trap from the Italian Game: Chéron — Janloz, 1929

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 d6 4. Nc3 Bg4 5. h3 Bh5? 6. Nxe5!! Bxd1?? 7. Bxf7+ Ke7 8. Nd5# 1-0

In this game, Chéron starts with the Italian Game, while Janloz plays the somewhat passive (3… d6), known as the Paris Defense. This move blocks in Black’s light-squared bishop and hinders development. After Black’s bold attempt at pinning the knight with (4… Bg4), White responds with (5. h3), forcing Black to either exchange or retreat. When Black mistakenly retreats with (5… Bh5?), White springs the Légal Trap with (6. Nxe5!!), sacrificing the queen. Black captures it (6… Bxd1??), falling right into a stunning checkmate with (7. Bxf7+) followed by (8. Nd5#).

Even if Black had tried to capture the knight with (6… Nxe5), White would have stayed ahead by exploiting a fork with (8. Qb5+), ensuring material advantage and a strong position.

Légal Trap from the Max Lange, Vienna Gambit: Pillsbury — Fernandez, 1900

1. e4 e5 2. Nc3 Nc6 3. f4 d6 4. Nf3 a6 5. Bc4 Bg4 6. fxe5!! Nxe5?? 7. Nxe5!! Bxd1?? 8. Bxf7+ Ke7 9. Nd5# 1-0

The Légal Trap can arise from several openings, as demonstrated by this double-brilliancy game from Harry Nelson Pillsbury (1872-1906), a US chess champion known for his remarkable talent. Pillsbury, who learned chess in his teens, quickly rose to fame, winning the US championship at 25, a title he held until his death.

---

In this game, Pillsbury played the Vienna Gambit within the Max Lange Defense. After (5… Bg4) pinning White’s knight, Pillsbury responded with the first brilliancy (6. fxe5!!), followed by the stunning queen sacrifice (7. Nxe5!!). Black fell for the trap, taking the poisoned queen, leading to a beautiful checkmate. Classic “oh no, my queen!” moment. 😚🤌

Sadly, Pillsbury’s career was cut short, possibly due to syphilis, which affected him during the 1895-96 St. Petersburg tournament. Had he continued his upward trajectory, he may have contended for the world championship.

The Ultimate Flex: OG Légal Trap | de Légal — Saint Brie, 1750

Handicap: a1-rook removed (rook odds)

1. e4 e5 2. Bc4 d6 3. Nf3 Nc6 4. Nc3 Bg4 5. Nxe5!? Bxd1?? 6. Bxf7+ Ke7 7. Nd5# 1-0

In this iconic game, the legendary de Légal gave rook odds to his opponent, because why not? Kicking things off with the Bishop’s Opening, de Légal set the trap, and Saint Brie fell for it with (5… Bxd1??), leading to a swift checkmate!

This game was played at Café de la Régence, where de Légal mentored his soon-to-be star pupil, Philidor, the future world champion. Interestingly, Philidor’s name became synonymous with (2… d6), the opening used in this game, known as Philidor’s Defense. While Philidor was famous for his prowess on the chessboard, he’s also remembered as a celebrated opera composer, proving his genius knew no bounds.

Philidor’s early life was filled with fascinating adventures, from surviving a failed concert tour to earning his living through chess in the coffeehouses of Europe. After returning to Paris in 1754, he defeated his old master de Légal and was considered the strongest chess player in the world for many years. But chess wasn’t his only calling—he eventually returned to composing music, where he found great success.

---

In this game, the position transitioned back into the Italian Game. By the end of turn 3, it mirrors the setup from (Chéron — Janloz, 1929), with the only difference being the missing rook. But on move 5, de Légal showed why he’s the original master of the trap! For his signature Légal Trap to work, (5. h3 Bh5) would normally be required, so the structure wouldn’t collapse if Black declined the “free” queen by playing (6… Nxe5).

But de Légal had no time for subtlety! He pulled a crafty psychological trick, “accidentally” touching his f3-knight before retracting his hand. Saint Brie, being a stickler for the touch-move rule, called him out. Playing along, de Légal “reluctantly” (😏) made the move (5. Nxe5!?)—and Saint Brie predictably snatched up the poisoned queen! Chef’s kiss. 😚🤌

In this brilliant display, de Légal, the strongest player of his time, gave rook odds, then bluffed his way into a win a turn earlier than expected. It’s a masterclass in psychological chess and an unforgettable Quick Win! Let’s honor the spirit of romanticism in chess today—sometimes, it’s okay to play like de Légal! 🤩👍

You’ve likely encountered a similar phrase before, perhaps in the context of art. Personally, I see chess as more than just a game—it’s a form of art in its own right. This led me to wonder: does chess mirror life as well? What parallels can we draw between the game and the daily battles we face? Could a chessboard’s 64 squares act as a microcosm, simulating the same struggles we encounter in real life?

Finding the answers isn’t easy, so I resorted to my go-to method for complex questions: writing about it. In doing so, I hope to share my thought process and conclusions with you.

Without creating too much suspense, I believe chess and life share many similarities. After countless revisions, I’ve managed to organize my thoughts, and I’m excited to present them to you. I hope you enjoy the journey we’re about to embark on.

This might be the most abstract blog I’ve written so far, and I’m still finding my way in this realm, so I appreciate your patience. If you’re familiar with my writing, you’ll know I like to break my ideas into clear topics before delving into each. So, let’s begin.

1. We’re in Control—In Chess and in Life

In chess, every move, every plan, and every risk we take is entirely our decision. We’re alone with our thoughts and responsible for the outcome. The same applies to life—although we have the support of family and friends, ultimately, our lives are in our hands.

Life can sometimes feel like a solo chess game on “hard mode,” where we alone shape our destiny. While loved ones can guide and support us, they cannot take control of our lives. Much like in chess, when no one else is there to help, we rely on our own intellect and resolve to move forward.

2. Decisions and Their Consequences

In both life and chess, decisions have ripple effects. A tactical move in chess mirrors the everyday choices we make—what to eat, which activities to prioritize. Medium-term choices, like planning a vacation, are akin to positioning a knight or developing rooks. But the most critical decisions are long-term strategies: what career path to follow, where to invest time and resources.

Just like in chess, we must juggle short-term tactics with long-term plans. A brilliant strategy can crumble with one careless tactical mistake, and a single poor decision in life can undo months of planning.

3. Discipline and Emotional Control

Staying calm under pressure is crucial in chess and in life. For amateurs, losing a chess game might not seem like a big deal, but for professionals, emotional stability can outweigh technical skill. Magnus Carlsen, for instance, often triumphs due to his ability to remain composed under immense pressure.

In life, emotional discipline matters just as much. Whether it’s during a critical business meeting or a challenging personal situation, keeping our cool can be the key to success. Chess, in many ways, serves as a practice ground for mastering this vital life skill.

4. Adaptability

No matter how well we plan, surprises arise in both chess and life. An unexpected move by an opponent can force us to change our strategy, just as life throws curveballs that challenge our carefully laid plans.

Ignoring reality and sticking rigidly to an outdated plan often leads to failure. The ability to adapt and reassess is essential, whether in pursuit of victory on the chessboard or in overcoming challenges in life.

5. Time Management

In fast-paced chess formats like blitz or bullet, time management is critical. Likewise, managing our time in life is one of the most difficult yet important skills to master. Procrastination or perfectionism can cost us opportunities, just like time mismanagement in chess can lead to poor moves made in a rush.

6. The Drive to Improve

Both in life and in chess, we strive to better ourselves. Whether it’s seeking a higher ELO rating in chess or advancing in our careers, self-improvement drives us forward. However, it’s important not to let this desire become an unhealthy obsession. Enjoyment should always be part of the process—both on the chessboard and in life.

7. Ethics and Integrity

Chess has a long tradition of respect for the rules and for one’s opponents. Similarly, living with integrity is essential in life. Winning at all costs may offer temporary success, but earning respect through honesty and ethics is far more valuable.

8. Mistakes Are Costly and Remembered

In chess, a single blunder can overshadow an otherwise brilliant game. The same is true in life—our mistakes are often remembered longer than our successes. But instead of dwelling on these setbacks, we should view them as learning opportunities.

9. The Journey Is More Important Than the Destination

Many chess players believe that the true joy comes from winning. However, I think the process—learning, growing, and playing—is far more meaningful than the result. The same applies to life: enjoying the journey is what brings true fulfillment, not just achieving goals.

10. There’s Always a Chance to Start Over

In chess, every loss is a learning opportunity, and every new game offers a fresh start. Life is no different. Setbacks are not the end, but rather stepping stones to growth. With every failure, we can learn, adapt, and try again.

Conclusion

Chess and life are intricately connected. Writing this blog has deepened my understanding of this beautiful game and its similarities to the challenges we face every day. I hope this reflection has given you a new perspective on both chess and life.

Do you agree? Are there any other parallels between chess and life that I’ve missed? I’d love to hear your thoughts! Thank you for reading, and I hope this has inspired you to approach both chess and life with a fresh mindset.

---

Dear readers,

Many of you might already be acquainted with the concept known as the “Butterfly Effect,” a key idea in Chaos Theory. For those who aren’t familiar, I will provide a brief explanation to ensure the following discussion on chess-related topics is clear and meaningful.

The term “Butterfly Effect” is credited to the work of mathematician and meteorologist Edward Norton Lorenz, with significant insights from physicist Henri Poincaré and philosopher Norbert Wiener. Lorenz observed that his weather model produced vastly different outcomes when even a tiny alteration was made to the initial data. A small change in the starting conditions always led to dramatically different results.

Edward Norton Lorenz is known for developing the “Butterfly Effect” concept.
He illustrated this concept with an example, explaining that the formation and path of a tornado could be influenced by seemingly insignificant factors—like a butterfly flapping its wings weeks earlier and thousands of miles away. This is why it’s called the “Butterfly Effect.”

Essentially, this idea underscores how the present is extremely sensitive to initial conditions from the past—where a minor variation in one event can have far-reaching consequences later on. This concept has been explored in various cultural works, with the 2004 film “The Butterfly Effect,” starring Ashton Kutcher and Amy Smart, being among the most well-known.

Directed by Eric Bress, this film has become a defining work on the topic.
It presents the notion that, if time travel were possible, even the smallest actions could create chaos in the universe. Imagine you traveled back in time to visit a serene German town, far removed from the hustle and bustle of modern life. While there, you engage in a brief, casual conversation with a woman in a park. A man, assuming you two are together, passes by without a second glance.

It seems like a trivial interaction, right? But what if I told you that this woman and the man who walked by were destined to be Albert Einstein’s parents? Because of your short conversation, they never meet, and history is altered forever.

With this explanation in mind, let’s explore how chess has played a role in shaping our world’s history. We’ll also imagine how different the world might be if certain key moments involving chess had unfolded differently.

CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS: THE BIRTH OF ‘INCALAND’

Christopher Columbus is often credited with the discovery of America under the Spanish crown. Born on August 25, 1451, Columbus was an Italian navigator from the Republic of Genoa who embarked on four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean, establishing the first known European contact with South America. However, what many may not realize is that chess played a pivotal role in Columbus securing the approval to embark on his legendary journey.

Just like modern businesses seek investors, Columbus faced significant challenges in finding sponsors for his ambitious plan. His goal was to establish a new route to Asia by sailing west across the Atlantic, thereby avoiding the Ottoman-controlled route through Constantinople.

Initially, Columbus presented his plan to King John II of Portugal, a leader of the maritime world at the time. However, the king rejected the proposal, opting instead to explore a route to India around the African continent.

Following this setback, Columbus relocated to the Kingdom of Aragon and Castile (modern-day Spain) around 1485. After pitching his idea to King Ferdinand II of Aragon, the proposal was once again rejected. Yet, with Queen Isabella of Castile’s support and belief in the project, Columbus persisted, waiting for the right moment to bring the proposal back to life.

Queen Isabella I of Castile, also known as Isabel la Católica, was instrumental in aiding Columbus with his venture.

This is where chess enters the story. According to Hernando del Pulgar, King Ferdinand’s secretary, the king was an avid chess player, frequently competing against his “regular opponents,” including the royal chaplain Juan Rodríguez de Fonseca.

One afternoon, as Ferdinand engaged in a chess match, he was asked if a decision had been made on Columbus’ proposal. Irritated, he postponed the answer until after the game. At the time, Ferdinand’s position on the board seemed dire, and Isabella recognized that the moment wasn’t ideal. She waited patiently, hoping for a shift in fortune.

That moment came unexpectedly. Just when the king was on the verge of conceding, Queen Isabella noticed a winning strategy. She quietly approached Ferdinand and pointed out that he had a checkmate in five moves. Energized by her insight, Ferdinand began to analyze the position and soon executed the correct moves.

King Ferdinand II of Aragon vs. Juan Rodríguez de la Fonseca
1-0 for the Kingdom of Aragon and Castile

Once Ferdinand triumphed in his game, his spirits lifted, and he promptly agreed to Columbus’ proposal. Queen Isabella immediately informed Columbus of the positive outcome, setting in motion the events that eventually led to the discovery of the New World.

The solution to Ferdinand’s chess game was clear once the idea was revealed, with every move being forced. Thanks to this victory, history was forever changed.

NAPOLEON BONAPARTE: THE FINAL DOWNFALL OF FRANCE

Napoleon Bonaparte, also known as Napoleon I, stands as one of France’s most iconic historical figures. Born on August 15, 1769, and passing on May 5, 1821, he was a political leader who rose to power during the French Revolution. From 1799 to 1804, Napoleon led the French Republic, before declaring himself Emperor of the French Empire, expanding his influence until his eventual defeat in 1814.

After initially supporting the French Revolution in 1789, Napoleon commanded numerous victorious military campaigns across Europe between 1796 and 1814, in what are now called the Napoleonic Wars. His significant victories, including the famed Battle of Austerlitz, led to the dismantling of the Holy Roman Empire, making him a national hero.

However, in 1812, his ill-fated invasion of Russia resulted in a disastrous retreat during the harsh winter. Following this, Prussia and Austria joined forces with Russia, decisively defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Leipzig. Paris was captured, and Napoleon was forced to abdicate in April 1814. Exiled to the Mediterranean island of Elba, Napoleon managed to escape and return to power in February 1815 in a period known as the “Hundred Days.” His renewed reign was short-lived, as his enemies formed the Seventh Coalition, which defeated him at the Battle of Waterloo in June 1815. He was then exiled to the distant island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic, where he lived out the remainder of his days, passing away in 1821.

Napoleon’s Connection to Chess
Napoleon was an enthusiastic chess player, though there is ongoing debate about the authenticity of some of his recorded games. Despite these controversies, many of his games have been preserved in chess books and databases. While in exile on St. Helena, he frequently played chess with General Bertrand.

One of the most curious stories involving Napoleon and chess is his encounter with the famous “Mechanical Turk” during a visit to Vienna in 1809. According to accounts, Napoleon deliberately made illegal moves during their match. In response, the machine waved its arm and knocked the chess pieces off the board, much to his amusement. Afterward, he played a proper game, eventually resigning after nineteen moves.

Here’s a famous game Napoleon played in 1804 against Claire, Comtesse de Rémusat:

The position becomes dangerous as the king is overly exposed. Sacrificing yet another piece leads to a forced checkmate.

A Hidden Secret on St. Helena
Now, for the twist in history. Legend has it that during his exile on St. Helena, Napoleon’s supporters secretly sent him a chess set made of ivory pieces. Hidden within this set was a meticulously detailed escape plan. As his love for chess was well known, the plan would not raise suspicion. Unfortunately, despite playing many games with the set, Napoleon never uncovered the hidden secret, as the officer entrusted with delivering the set and revealing its contents died en route to St. Helena. Thus, an opportunity for freedom slipped through his fingers.

ALAN TURING: A GENIUS WHO PAVED THE WAY FOR SAVING SPECIES

Alan Turing, often hailed as the father of computer science, made monumental contributions that shaped the modern world. Born on June 23, 1912, and passing on June 7, 1954, this English mathematician and logician is regarded as one of the brightest minds of the 20th century. He revolutionized the field of computation and algorithms with his invention of the Turing machine, a foundational model for today’s computers.

But how does chess connect to Turing’s legacy? Turing saw chess as an excellent platform for pioneering research in artificial intelligence (AI). In fact, he created Turochamp, the world’s first chess program, in 1948. Though it wasn’t completed due to technological limitations, Turochamp marked a critical step forward in the early stages of AI research. Designed as more than just a chess-playing algorithm, it represented a broader investigation into machine learning and computation. Despite its low skill level in gameplay, it could play full games against human opponents.

In a notable match, Turochamp faced Alick Glennie on March 15, 1952, in Manchester. After a chaotic and error-filled game, Glennie seized an opportunity when Turochamp left its queen vulnerable and ultimately won. Although Turochamp wasn’t a great player, it laid the groundwork for many advancements in AI.

While it’s an exaggeration to say that without Turochamp there would be no AI, its influence was undeniable. Turing’s work continues to shape modern AI, even in unexpected ways.

For instance, in 2020, Air New Zealand launched a project that utilized AI to optimize aircraft turnaround times—the interval from when an airplane arrives at the gate until it departs again. I was fortunate enough to contribute to this project, which was partly built upon the principles that Turing had applied in creating Turochamp. While I can’t delve into the technical specifics, I can confirm that this innovation has significantly reduced delays at Auckland Airport.

This reduction in delays has had broader implications. Tourism is vital to New Zealand’s economy, and the income generated helps fund conservation efforts to protect endangered species, such as the Kākāpō, a flightless parrot native to the country. Thanks to advancements in AI inspired by Turing, even these adorable creatures benefit from the seamless operations of the tourism industry.

Charlemagne: A Blunder Decides the Fate of Europe

Charlemagne, the illustrious ruler of the Carolingian Empire, was born on April 2, 748, and reigned as emperor from 800 until his death on January 28, 814. He unified much of Western and Central Europe, becoming the first emperor in the West since the fall of the Roman Empire over 300 years earlier.

His reign brought significant political and social reforms. Charlemagne’s influence reshaped Europe through advancements in administration, law, education, military organization, and religion, setting the foundation for the Middle Ages. His leadership also enabled the cultural revival known as the Carolingian Renaissance. However, his new imperial status also put him at odds with the Byzantine Empire.

A legendary tale surrounds Charlemagne and a set of chess pieces said to be a gift from Caliph Harun al-Rashid. These pieces featured elephants instead of bishops and chariots in place of rooks, suggesting they may have played Shatranj, an early form of chess. While this story is unverified, it hints that chess might have been introduced to Europe earlier than previously thought.

The chess pieces known as the “Charlemagne chessmen” date back to the 11th century, but the story I want to share is a different, likely fictional, yet captivating anecdote.

It involves a courageous soldier named Garin, who served Charlemagne with distinction, earning admiration from fellow knights and the affection of many women, including the Empress herself. Garin, loyal to his emperor, rejected her advances. The remorseful Empress confessed to Charlemagne, who then proposed a chess match with a perilous wager: “If you win, I will give you my entire kingdom and my wife. If I win, you will forfeit your life.”

Garin, unable to refuse, accepted the challenge. What Charlemagne didn’t know was that Garin was a chess prodigy. With a brilliant queen sacrifice akin to the famous Légal trap, Garin outmaneuvered the emperor and delivered a checkmate.

Dejected by his loss, Charlemagne said, “Garin, take what I have promised.” But Garin, ever loyal, declined the reward, allowing Charlemagne to continue his reign.Thus, in this tale, a game of chess nearly altered the fate of Europe.

Benjamin Franklin: An Interrupted Revolution

Benjamin Franklin, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, was born on January 17, 1706, and passed away on April 17, 1790. Renowned as an American writer, scientist, inventor, statesman, diplomat, printer, publisher, and political philosopher (quite the résumé), Franklin was one of the most influential minds of his era. He helped draft and signed the Declaration of Independence in 1776, cementing his legacy as a key figure in American history.

Franklin was also the first known chess player in the American colonies and was posthumously inducted into the U.S. Chess Hall of Fame in 1999. He often used chess as a cover for secret meetings aimed at securing allies for the American Revolution. Thanks to his efforts, France entered the war, which ultimately helped the colonies win their independence from Britain.

In December 1774, Franklin traveled to England as a diplomat, using the opportunity to engage with strong chess players. One of his challengers was Lady Caroline Howe, and as noted by historian Prof. George Allen, she defeated Franklin rather easily—partly because he wasn’t particularly skilled at the game. Did this loss frustrate him? It’s worth pondering.

“[…] he found his match in this English woman, who beat him soundly and easily. So, Franklin should be remembered more for his passion for chess than for his skill.”

Lady Howe, who checkmated Franklin, also introduced him to her brother, Rear-Admiral Lord Richard Howe, the British navy’s commander in North America. Determined to avoid conflict, Lord Howe arranged secret meetings disguised as chess games between Franklin and his sister from late 1774 until March 1775, hoping to negotiate peace. However, no significant progress was made.

A year later, in 1776, after the Continental Congress declared independence, Lord Howe made one last attempt at peace. He bypassed the Congress, addressing a letter directly to Franklin, calling him “my worthy friend” and referencing their chess games. Howe expressed hope that he could help bring about lasting peace.

Franklin, however, replied angrily on July 30, just three days before the signing of the Declaration of Independence, firmly rejecting the offer: “It is impossible that we should think of submission to a government whose atrocious injuries have extinguished every remaining spark of affection for that parent country we once held so dear.”

Conclusion (And a Chess Example)

I hope you enjoyed reading this piece. The primary aim wasn’t to explore the absurd futuristic scenarios mentioned earlier—most of which are likely just legends or exaggerated for fun. Instead, the goal was to use a familiar concept to engage readers and offer a chance to learn something new. It’s fascinating to think that some of history’s most influential figures, who shaped the world, also enjoyed a game of chess when they weren’t busy making history. A big thanks to my friend @Victor_Stepko_4 for his help.

The “Butterfly Effect” applies to chess as well. In the 1892 World Championship, Mikhail Chigorin found himself in a winning position against Wilhelm Steinitz. A victory would have leveled the match and given him a psychological edge for the title! However, one fateful moment may have altered the course of chess history. With the blunder 32. Bb4 (??), Chigorin handed his opponent a mate in two, marking one of the worst blunders in chess history.

What if the outcome had been different? Could Chigorin have become world champion? Would Emanuel Lasker have beaten him in 1894? And would Chigorin’s playing style have influenced the future of chess? We will never know.

Mikhail Chigorin vs. Wilhelm Steinitz
0-1
1892 World Championship Match
Havana, Cuba, February 28, 1892, Round 23

At that critical moment, modern analysis suggests White had an advantage of about +3.0. But with the fatal move, Chigorin drastically shifted the game, allowing Steinitz to checkmate in two moves and retain his title. Seizing the opportunity, Steinitz clinched victory, and Chigorin resigned.

To wrap up this article, I want to remind you that the “Butterfly Effect” isn’t just about major historical events; it’s also present in our daily lives. A seemingly small decision you made years ago may have drastically changed your path, leading to a completely different outcome than if you had made another choice.

Think about it—if you hadn’t decided to go to a certain place, you might never have met the love of your life. If you chose a different major in college, you could have ended up with different jobs, friends, homes, and even a different personality. Ultimately, we are the result of our choices, and sometimes the smallest decisions are the ones that define who we become.

---

Note: This text is for entertainment purposes only. Feel free to join in and share your own thoughts on what might have happened. Just remember, this is a chess blog—not an academic article—so kindly avoid treating my predictions like scientific theories. Enjoy!

---